I have just spent a frustrating few minutes trying to quickly find where '%' codes are used in translations. Of course '%' is a special wild card character in SQL. The same is true for '_' and other characters.
Don't do:
select capt_code, capt_family
from custom_captions
where capt_code like '%%%'
This gives nonsense results.
But either of these will work to find the data
select capt_code, capt_family
from custom_captions
where capt_code like '%[%]%'
OR
select capt_code, capt_family
from custom_captions
where capt_code like '%\%%' escape '\'