Validation rule on a custom field

Hi all,

I would like to know what is the best way (step by step) to create a rules/automation on a custom field. 

I have a field on SIH0 screen, It is a type A field:

1 - When creating the register, the system populates the field with a sequential number, but the user can change the value.

2 - This field must be unique, I need to check the registers and just let save if it is unique.

3 - Not let save if it is blank or null.

Off topic:

4 -  Is there a way to track changes in the fields?

Thank you!